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African-American migrants entering the industrial metropolis did not simply confront more prejudice, discrimination, and segregation than their counterparts from Europe. Supreme Court officialized this notion by ruling, in Scott vs. The leading analysts of the penal question, from David Rothman to Michel Foucault to Alfred Blumstein, were then unanimous in predicting the imminent marginalization of the prison as an institution of social control or, at worst, the stabilization of penal confinement at a historically moderate level. Prison is rapidly being re-lexified in the same segregated fashion. No one foresaw the runaway growth that has quadrupled that figure to over two million in even as crime levels remained stagnant. Toward the Militarization of Urban Cleaveages. Spatial confinement thus became overlayed with a parallel and inwardly-turned social structure that enfolded African Americans in a culturally homogenous and class heterogenous world unto itself wholly without counterpart among whites. This is because, whereas in the early decades of the colony the status of slave and servant were virtually fgom terms were even used interchangeably-and color distinctions incidental to social life, by the nineteenth century the legal opposition between bondsmen and freemen had been fully overlaid by a racialized dichotomy between whites and Negroes. In this regard, the ghetto can be construed as a device to stanch the built-in tendency of the city towards cultural and social intermixing. They are not slaves indeed, but they are pariahs, debarred from every fellowship save with their own despised race…. Of the supplementary readings provided, I found “From Slavery to Mass Incarceration” by Loïc Wacquant the most intriguing. History: “From Slavery to Mass Incarceration”. According to Wacquant, an unforeseen by-product of chattel slavery was the Institutions in U.S.
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Download Citation on ResearchGate | On Jan 1,, Loic Wacquant and others published From slavery to mass incarceration: Rethinking the “race question”.